We collated archaeological records of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) bones and scales from reports in multiple languages including unpublished reports. Please see Andrews et al. 2022: ICES Journal of Marine Science for details.

Click here to download the latest version of the database – updated June 2024

SourceCollectionLatitudeLongitudeDateEraTypeImported?NISPSize or TL (cm)Reference(s)Comment
Svendborg, DenmarkSNM Copenhagen54.83838810.597225140000 BCEPaleolithicVertebrae2150Unpublished
Gorham’s Cave, GibraltarGibraltar National Museum36.117572-5.34199522000-26000 BCEPaleolithicVertebrae2Brown, K., Fa, D.A., Finlayson, G. and Finlayson, C. (2011). Small game and marine resource exploitation by Neanderthals: the evidence from Gibraltar. In Trekking the Shore (pp. 247-272). Springer, New York, NY.
Cueva de Nerja, Malaga, SpainUnknown36.762194-3.84426210000 BCEMesolithicVertebrae1Morales-Muñiz, A., Roselló-Izquierdo, E. and Hernández, F. (1998). Late Upper Paleolithic subsistence strategies in southern Iberia: tardiglacial faunas from Cueva de Nerja (Málaga, Spain). European Journal of Archaeology, 1(1), 9-50.
Franchthi Cave, GreeceArchaeological Museum of Nafplion37.42239123.1313069000 BCEMesolithicVertebrae50050-200Rose, M. (1995). Fishing at Franchthi Cave, Greece: Changing Environments and Patterns of Exploitation. Old World Archaeology Newsletter 18, 21-26
Maroulas, Kythnos, GreeceUnknown37.47107924.4302168800-8600 BCEMesolithicVertebrae12Mylona, D. (2010). Mesolithic Fishers at Maroulas kythnos. The fish bones. The Prehistory of the island of Kythnos (Cyclades, Greece) and the Mesolithic settlement at Maroulas, 151-162.
Vela Spila, Korčula Island, CroatiaUnknown42.96947616.7183778000 BCEMesolithicVertebrae7Rainsford, C., O’Connor, T. and Miracle, P. (2014). Fishing in the Adriatic at the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition: Evidence from Vela Spila, Croatia. Environmental Archaeology, 19(3), 311-320.
Akanthou-Arkosyko, CyprusUnknown35.40849333.7626457700-8200 BCEMesolithicVertebraemultiple, <76NAŞevketoğlu, M. 2002. Akanthou-Arkosyko (Tatlisu-Çiftlikdüzü):
The Anatolian Connections in the 8th Millenium BC. In W.H.
Waldren and J.A. Ensenyat, eds., World Islands in Prehistory:
International Insular Investigations. V Deia International
Conference of Prehistory. BAR Int. Ser. 1095. Oxford, 98-106.
Identified by Ruby
Ceron-Carrasco as: Thunnus alalunga, Thunnus thynnus, Sarda
sp.
Youra, GreeceUnknown39.38443924.1658367700-6900 BCEMesolithicVertebraeMylona, D. (2011). Fish Vertebrae. In Bassiakos Y., Drivaliari A., Facorellis Y., Ioakim C., Karali L., Liritzis I., et al. & Sampson A. (Ed.), The Cave of the Cyclops: Mesolithic and Neolithic Networks in the Northern Aegean, Greece, Volume II: Bone Tool Industries, Dietary Resources and the Paleoenvironment, and Archeometrical Studies (pp. 237-266). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: INSTAP Academic Press.Identified to family level only
Copenhagen, DenmarkSNM Copenhagen55.65668712.6326836800-5400 BCENeolithicVertebrae1Enghoff, I. B., MacKenzie, B. R., & Nielsen, E. E. (2007). The Danish fish fauna during the warm Atlantic period (ca. 7000–3900 BC): forerunner of future changes?. Fisheries Research, 87(2-3), 167-180.
Cape Andreas Kastros, CyprusUnknown35.69430234.5842136000 BCENeolithicVertebrae27Desse, J., & Desse-Berset, N. (1994). Stratégies de pêche au 8ème millénaire: les poissons de Cap Andreas Kastros (Chypre). Fouilles recentes a Khirokitia Editions Recherche sur Civilisations, Paris, 335-360.
Grotte du Cap Ragnon, Bouche-du-Rhône, FranceUnknown43.3450395.2712086000-5800 BCENeolithicVertebrae43 years oldCourtin, J., Gagniere, S., Granier, J., Ledoux, J. C., Onoratini, G. (1972). La grotte du Cap Ragnon, commune du Rove (B. du Rh.). Bulletin de la Société d’étude des sciences naturelles de Vaucluse, 1970-1972, 113-170.
Alepotrypa Cave, GreeceDiros Neolithic Museum36.63837122.3807556000-3200 BCENeolithicVertebrae27Theodoropoulou, T. (2019). Fishing together, fishing on its own: Fish exploitation patterns at the Neolithic Alepotrypa cave (Diros, Greece) and Aegean prehistoric fishing traditions. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 29(3), 395-406.
Tågerup, SwedenUnknown55.85258112.8214795800 BCENeolithicVertebraeKarsten, P., and B. Knarrström. (2003). The Tågerup Excavation. National Heritage Board. Lund: National Heritage Board.
El Retamar, Puerto Real, SpainUnknown36.517595-6.1670365000 BCENeolithicVertebrae4MediumSoriguer Escofet, M.C., Zabala Giménez, C., Hernando Casal, J.A. (2002). “Características biológicas de la fauna marina del yacimiento de El Retamar”, in J. Ramos & M. Lazarich eds, El asentamiento de El Retamar, Puerto Real, Cádiz. Contribución al estudio de la Formación Social Tribal y a los inicios de la economía de producción en la bahía de Cádiz, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, pp. 193-204.
Lerna, GreeceEphorate of Antiquities of Corinth37.55070722.7169215300-2200 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae1Gejvall N.-J. (1969). Lerna: a Preclassical Site in the Argolid. Results of Excavations Conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Vol. I: The Fauna. ASCSA Publications, Princeton. Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).
Stora Förvar, SwedenUnknown57.28482217.9705265200-4000 BCENeolithicVertebraeEricson, P. G. P. 1989. “Faunahistoriskt Intressanta Stenålderfynd Från Stora Karlsö.” Flora och Fauna 84, 192-198.
Saliagos Cave, GreeceParos Museum37.04801225.0958074300 BCENeolithicVertebrae2608 scombridae bonesLarge scombrids: T.thynnus or T.alalungaEvans, J., & Renfrew, C. (1968). Excavations at Saliagos: near Antiparos. The British School at Athens. Supplementary volumes, (5), iii-226Identified to family level only
Pefkakia, Volos, GreeceVolos Museum39.34742822.9390664300-2500 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae69Hinz, G. (1979). Neue Tierknochenfunde aus der Magula. Pevkakia in Thessalien, i. Die Nichtwiederkduer (Unpublished Dissertation,. University of Munich 1979). von den Driesch, A. (1987). ‘Haus- und Jagdtiere im vorgeschichtlichen Thessalien’, Prähistorische Zeitschrift, 62, 1-21. Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).
Jortveit, NorwayNatural History Museum Oslo58.2776268.5034753500 BCENeolithicVertebrae17Nielsen, S. V., & Persson, P. (2020). The Jortveit farm wetland: A Neolithic fishing site on the Skagerrak coast, Norway. Journal of Wetland Archaeology, 1-24.Joint collection of those in 2019 and 1931 under Naturhistorisk Museum i Oslo (arkivert id: PMO232.237-239)
Besik Tepe, TurkeyUnknown39.91516726.1508173000-2550 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae2von den Driesch, A. & Boessneck, J. (1984). Vorläufiger Bericht über die Untersuchungen an Tierknochenfunden (Besik Tepe, Grabung 1982). Archäologischer Anzeiger, 186-192. Boessneck, J. (1986). Die Weichtieresser vom Besik-Sivritepe. Archäologischer Anzeiger, 329-338. Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).
Kum Tepe, TurkeyVertebrate Zoology section in the Natural History Museum, Stockholm39.99572726.2100903000-2000 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae7Sperling, J,W. 1976. Kum Tepe in the Troad, Trial Excavation, 1934. Hesperia 45/4: 305-364.Identified by David Reese
Perachora, GreeceEphorate of Antiquities of Corinth38.03026122.9490212650-2200 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae2Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).
Troy, TurkeyHans-Peter Uerpmann, Tuebingen University39.95735926.2392092250-1300 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae100Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished)., Uerpmann, M. and Van Neer, W. (2000). Fischreste aus den neuen Grabungen in Troia (1989-1999). Studia Troica, 10, pp.145-179.
Gleika II, CrimeaUnknown45.38013936.6422782000 BCENeolithicVertebraeLyashenko, Yu. N. (2006). Fauna material from the Gleiki II settlement in the Eastern Crimea. Starozhytnosti Stepovogo Prychornomorya i Krymu 13: 68-74 [Ляшенко Ю.Н. Фаунистический материал из поселения Глейки II в Восточном Крыму//Старожитностi степового Причорномор’я i Криму. XIII , Запорiжжя, 2006.]
Kommos, GreeceArchaeological Museum of Mesara35.01754524.7602221700-1600 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae2Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).Likely representing a single individual
Akrotiri, GreeceArchaeological Museum of Thera36.35915225.3970651500 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae5100Mylona, D. (2008a). ‘Cooking’ Installations in LC IA Akrotiri on Thera: A preliminary Study of the ‘Kitchen’ in Pillar Shaft 65: Appendix C. in Brodie, N., Doole, J., Gavalas, G. and Renfrew, C., 2008. Horizon: A Colloquium on the Prehistory of the Cyclades. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
Koukounaries, Paros, GreeceParos Museum37.12646625.2090881300-1150 BCEBronze AgeVertebrae1Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).
Skipshelleren, NorwayNatural History Museum Oslo60.6557155.79705UnknownNeolithicVertebraeOlsen, H. (1976). Skipshelleren. Osteologisk materiale. Zoologisk Museum. Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen.
Ånneröd, SwedenUnknown58.96159811.175986UnknownNeolithicVertebraeAlin, J. (1955). Förteckning över stenåldersboplatser i norra Bohuslän. Göteborgs och Bohusläns Fornminnesförening, Göteborg.
Gröninge, SwedenUnknown57.49747412.028277UnknownNeolithicVertebraeSärlvik, I. (1976). Fornlämning 72 och 116, stenåldersboplats, Gröninge, Tölö sn, Halland. Vol. 9. Riksantikvarieämbetet Rapport 1976 B, Stockholm.
Sandhem, SwedenUnknown58.75819311.175101UnknownNeolithicVertebraeJonsson, L. (2007). Djurbenen från Sandhem. Tidigare undersökningar av djurben från kökkenmöddingar i Västsverige, in: Lönn, M., Claesson, P. (Eds.), Vistelser Vid Vatten. Gropkeramiska Platser Och Kokgropar Från Bronsålder Och Järnålder. Riksantikvarieämbetet & Bohusläns museum, Ödeshög, 231–235.
Hakeröd, SwedenUnknown58.56649211.3667UnknownNeolithicVertebraeJonsson, L. (2002). Animal bones from the Middle Neolithic site Hakeröd in Bohuslän, Sweden. ANL rapport 2002:1, Institutionen för Arkeologi, Göteborgs universitet, Göteborg.
Cova Fosca, Castellón, SpainUnknown40.455346-0.13139UnknownNeolithicVertebrae1150Roselló-Izquierdo, E. Llorente-Rodríguez, L., & Morales-Muñiz, A. (2015). The fishes from Cova Fosca (Castellón, Spain): Lost signatures of a hunter gatherer tradition? CuPAUAM 41, 87-96
Utica, TunisiaUnknown37.05203810.05845UnknownPunicVertebrae1122Unpublished
Ceuta, SpainUnknown35.889387-5.3213468th-7th BCEPhoenicianVertebrae3Zabala, C. Soriguer, M., Hernando, J.A. (2011), Apéndice 2. La fauna marina del yacimiento protohistoricio Catedral de Ceuta. In F. Villada, J. Ramon, J. Suárez eds., El asentamiento protohistórico de Ceuta. Indígenas y fenicios en la orilla norteafricana del Estrecho de gibraltar, Ceuta, 381-419.
Toscanos, Málaga, SpainUnknown36.736245-4.1171368th – 7th BCEPhoenicianVertebraeLepiklsaar, J. (1973), Fischknochenfunde aus der Phönozischen Faktorei von toscanos”, Studien über frühe Tier Knochenfunde von der Iberischen Halbinsel 4, Munich, 109-119
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.3272188th-6th BCEArchaicVertebraeMultiple100-150Nobis, G. (1999), Die Tierreste von Karthago, in: Rakob 1999, 574-632.
Castillo de Doña Blanca, SpainUnknown36.628041-6.161514750-500 BCEIron AgeVertebrae52Roselló-Izquierdo, E., and Morales-Muñiz, A. (1994). The Fishes. In Castillo de Doña Blanca: Archaeoenvironmental Investigations in the Bay of Cadiz, Spain (750–500 BC), edited by E. Roselló-Izquierdo and A. Morales-Muñiz, pp. 91–142. BAR International Series 593. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford.
Tavira, PortugalUnknown37.131969-7.6457878th BCE – 1st CEIron AgeVertebrae1176Unpublished
Huelva, SpainUnknown37.258423-6.9517768th BCE – 1st CEIron AgeVertebrae11Roselló-Izquierdo, E. & Morales-Muñiz, A. (1990). La ictiofauna del yacimiento tartésico de la calle del Puerto, número 10 (Huelva): consideraciones generals. Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, S. I, Preliist. y Arqueol., t. 3, 1990, 291-298
Castro Marim, PortugalUnknown37.218908-7.4427758th – 4th BCEIron AgeVertebrae194Unpublished
Althiburos, TunisiaUnknown35.8735388.784947700-750 BCENumidVertebrae1Valenzuela-Lamas, S. Poster ‘Économie vivrière à l’époque numide’. Le cas d’althiburos (Médéina, Le kef, Tunisie)
Acinipo, SpainUnknown36.83174-5.2399557th BCEPunicVertebrae inside 1x amphoraeYMultipleAguayo de Hoyos, P., Carrilero Millán, M., Martínez Fernández, G. (1987). La presencia fenicia y el proceso de aculturación de las comunidades del Bronce Final de la depresión de Ronda (Málaga). Atti II Congresso Internazionale di Studi Fenici e Punici, 2, 559‑571.
Cerro del Villar Malaga, SpainUnknown36.671605-4.463815600-575 BCEPunicVertebraeRodríguez Santana, C.G. (1999). “La pesca y la explotación marítima y fluvial”, In M.e. Aubet, E. Curiá, A. Delgado, A. Fernández Canto, M. Párraga eds., Cerro del Villar. El asentamiento fenicio de la desembocadura del río Guadalhorce y su interacción con el hinterland, Sevilla, 320-324
Chersonesos, CrimeaThe Museum of Chersonesos44.61219733.4904916th-5th BCEGreekVertebrae1Lebedev, V.D. & Lapin, U.E. (1954). On the issue of fishing in the Bosporos (K voprosu o rybalovstve v Bosporosskom tsarstve; in Russian). MIA 33, 197-214.
Corinth, GreeceThe Archaeological Museum of Ancient Corinth37.90571522.878785460-440 BCEGreekVertebrae and scales inside amphoraeYMultipleZimmerman Munn, M.-L. (2003). Corinthian trade with the Punic West in the Classical period. In C. K. Williams and N. Bookidis (eds.) Corinth. The Centenary 1896–1996. Results of Excavations conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens,195–217. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Sáez Romero, A. M. & Τheodoropoulou, T. In press. Salting and consuming fish in the Classical Mediterranean. A review of the archaeological evidence from the Punic Amphora Building (Corinth, Greece), in D. Βernal-Casasola, M. Bonifay & A. Pecci (eds), Roman amphorae contents: reflecting on maritime trade of food stuffs in antiquity, Proceedings of the RAC International Interactive Conference, Cadiz Spain, 5-7 October 2015, Roman and Late Antique Mediterranean Pottery International Series, Archaeopress, Oxford.
Camposoto, SpainSan Fernando Historical Museum36.428962-6.228988450 BCEPunicVertebral and cranial elements234Sáez Romero, A.M., Sáez Espligares, A., Ramon Torres, J., Muñoz Vicente, Á. (2004). Paleo contenido de ánfora púnica (tipo Ramon T‑11.2.1.3). In Garum y salazones en el Círculo del Estrecho. Catálogo de la Exposición (Algeciras), Granada, 252‑253.As detailed in Lozano-Francisco, ICTIOFAUNA DEL YACIMIENTO ALFARERO FENICIO DEL SECTOR III
DE CAMPOSOTO (SAN FERNANDO).
Plaza de Asdrúbal, SpainCadiz Museum36.517622-6.2843915th BCEPunicVertebrae45Bernal-Casasola, D., Muñoz Vicente, Á., Marlasca Martín, R, Cantillo Duarte, J. J., Vargas Girón, J. M., Lara Medina, M. (2014). Atunes ronqueados y conchas de la plaza de Asdrúbal. Novedades haliéuticas en los saladeros gadiri tas. In Cantillo Duarte, J.J. Bernal-Casasola, D. & Ramos Muñoz, J. (eds.), Moluscos y púrpura en contextos arqueológicos atlántico­mediterráneos: nuevos datos y reflexiones en clave de proceso histórico, Cádiz, pp. 205‑228.
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.3272185th-4th BCEPunicVertebraeMultiple80-200+Nobis, G. (1999). Die Tierreste von Karthago, in Rakob 1999, 574-632.
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.3272185th – 4th BCEPunicVertebrae, scales5largeVan Neer, W. and Wouters, W. (2009). Fish remains from the Bir Messaouda excavations 2000/2001 and other Carthaginian settlement contexts. 65-74.
Pilarou Cave, Thera, Santorini, GreeceArchaeological Museum of Thera36.41839825.4280255th – 1st BCEClassical-HellenisticVertebrae180Mylona, D. (2008b). Fish-eating in Greece from the fifth century BC to the seventh century AD. A story of impoverished fishermen or luxurious fish banquets? Archaeopress.
Portopalo, Sicily, ItalyUnknown36.68401115.1369345th BCE – 1st BCEHellenisticVertebraeMultiple50-150Bernal-Casasola, D., Malfitana, D. Antonino Mazzaglia, J., & Díaz, J. (2020) Tonno e garum nelle cetariae ellenistiche e romane di Portopalo e Vendicari (Sicilia). Primi risultati interdisciplinari, Monografie HEROM, Catania, 2020
Palacio de Justicia, Cadiz, SpainCadiz Museum36.527012-6.288495th BCE – 2nd CEPunic, RomanVertebraeBernal-Casasola, D. (ed). (2011). Pescar con Arte. Fenicios y romanos en el origen de los aparejos andaluces. Monografias del Proyecto Sagena, 3, Cádiz, 2011
Kassopi, GreeceUnknown39.14503220.6761764th BCEHellenisticVertebraeBoessneck, J. (1994). Zooarchaeologische Ergebnisse an den Tierkochen- und Molluskenfunden in W. Hoepfner & E.-L Schwandner. Haus und Stadt im Klasischen Griechenland, Munchen; Deutcher Kunstverlag, 175-179.
Place Jules Verne, Marseille, FranceUnknown43.2964835.3686854rd-3rd BCERomanVertebraeMultipleSternberg, M. (1998). Les produits de la pêche et la modification des structures halieutiques en Gaule Narbonnaise du IIIe siècle av. J.-C. au Ier siècle ap. J.-C. Les données de Lattes (Hérault), Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône) et Olbia-de-Provence (Var). Mélanges de l’école française de Rome, 110(1), 81-109.
Besik Tepe, TurkeyUnknown39.91516726.1508174th-1st BCEBronze AgeVertebrae15von den Driesch, A. & Boessneck, J. (1984). Vorläufiger Bericht über die Untersuchungen an Tierknochenfunden (Besik Tepe, Grabung 1982). Archäologischer Anzeiger, 186-192. Boessneck J. (1986). Die Weichtieresser vom Besik-Sivritepe. Archäologischer Anzeiger, 329-338. Rose, M. (1994). With line and glittering bronze hook: fishing in the Aegean Bronze Age. PhD Dissertation, Indiana University. Ann Arbor, Bloomington (unpublished).
Vendicari, Sicily, ItalyUnknown36.79191615.1044974th BCE – 1st CEHellenisticVetebraeMultipleBasile, B. (1992). Stabilimenti per la lavorazione del pesce lungo le coste siracusane: Vendicari e Portopalo, “V Rassegna di Archeologia Subacquea” (Giardini Naxos 1990), Messina, 1992, 55- 86.
Messene, GreeceMessene, Greece37.17498821.9201583rd-2nd BCEClassical-HellenisticVertebrae1Rose, M. (2000). The fish remains. In Shaw, J.W. and Shaw, M.C. (eds). Kommos IV. The Greek sanctuary. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 495-560.
Tamuda, MoroccoMusée Archéologique, Tetouan 35.558333-5.4097223rd BCE – 1st CEPunico-Mauretanian VertebraeTrakadas, A. (2018). ‘In Mauretaniae maritimis’: marine resource exploitation in a Roman North African province. Geographica Historica series. Franz Steiner Verlag: Stuttgart.
Costa Rincon, MoroccoMusée Archéologique, Tetouan 35.686267-5.3228373rd BCE – 1st CEPunico-Mauretanian VertebraeTrakadas, A. (2018). ‘In Mauretaniae maritimis’: marine resource exploitation in a Roman North African province. Geographica Historica series. Franz Steiner Verlag: Stuttgart.
Teatro Andalucía, Cádiz, SpainMuseum of Cadiz36.528461-6.2936733rd BCE – 3rd CERomanVertebraeMultipleBernal-Casasola, D., Cobos Rodríguez, L., Marlasca, M., Ricard, C.D., Juan J., Vargas Girón, J.M., Lara Medina, M. (2014b). De las fogatas profilácticas púnicas a las chancas romanas. Moluscos y escómbridos en el antiguo Teatro Andalucía de Cádiz. In Juan Jesús Cantillo Duarte, Darío Bernal Casasola y José Ramos Muñoz (eds.), Moluscos y púrpura en contextos arqueológicos atlántico­mediterráneos: nuevos datos y reflexiones en clave de proceso histórico, Cádiz, pp. 179‑204,
Pantikapaion, CrimeaUnknown45.35053236.468559250 BCEGreekVertebrae5Morales-Muñiz, A., Antipina, E., Antipina, A. and Rosello, E. (2007). An ichthyoarchaeological survey of the ancient fisheries from the Northern Black Sea. Archaeofauna, 16, 117-172.
Sant’Antioco, Sardinia, ItalyUnknown39.0676088.4545882nd BCEPhoenicianVertebrae2100Carenti, G. (2013). San’t Antioco (SW Sardinia, Italy): Fish and Fishery Resource Exploitation in a Western Phoenician Colony. Archaeofauna, 22, 37-49
Kalaureia, Poros, GreeceArchaeological Museum of Poros37.51995923.4549952nd BCEClassical-HellenisticVertebrae6Mylona, D. (2008b). Fish-eating in Greece from the fifth century BC to the seventh century AD. A story of impoverished fishermen or luxurious fish banquets? Archaeopress.
Baelo Claudia, SpainBaelo Claudia Museum36.089744-5.7749442nd BCERomanVertebrae20100-200Morales-Muñiz, A., Roselló-Izquierdo, E., Bernal Casasola, D., Arévalo González, A. (2004a). Proceso de despiece de túnidos, In Garum y salazones en el Círculo del Estrecho. Catálogo de la Exposición (Algeciras), Granada, 176‑177.
Punta Camarinal, Baelo Claudia, Spain Baelo Claudia Museum36.083652-5.7866972nd BCERomanVertebrae, fins, tails105296-391Morales-Muñiz, A., Roselló-Izquierdo, E., Bernal Casasola, D., Arévalo González, A. (2004b). Conjunto de túnidos. In Garum y salazones en el Círculo del Estrecho. Catálogo de la Exposición (Algeciras), Granada, 82‑83. Morales-Muñiz A, Roselló-Izquierdo E (2007) Los atunes de Baelo Claudia y Punta Camarinal (s. II d.C.). Apuntes preliminares. In: Arévalo-González A, Bernal-Casasola D (eds) Las Cetariae de Baelo Claudia. Avance de las Investigaciones arqueológicas en el barrio meridional (2000–2004). Sevilla, pp 355–374.
Baelo Claudia, SpainBaelo Claudia Museum36.089744-5.7749442nd BCERomanAmphorae with scalesMultipleMorales-Muñiz, A., Roselló-Izquierdo, E., Bernal Casasola, D., Arévalo González, A. (2004c). Paleocontenido de imitaciones gaditanas de ánforas grecoitálicas. In Garum y salazones en el Círculo del Estrecho. Catálogo de la Exposición (Algeciras), Granada, 254‑255.
Milazzo, Sicily, ItalyUnknown38.22229715.2414452nd BCE – 2nd CERomanVertebrae and cranial elements500Mangano, G. (2009). I resti faunistici del sito di Contrada Vaccarella a Milazzo. In Tigano, G. (ed) Mylai II. Scavi e ricerche nell’area urbana (1996–2005). Regione Siciliana, Messina, 271hundreds of fragments of Dressel 21 amphorae mixed with more than 500 fish bone fragments that were mostly of tuna Thunnus thynnus 
Baelo Claudia, SpainBaelo Claudia Museum36.089744-5.7749441st BCERomanAmphorae with scalesMultipleMorales-Muñiz, A., Roselló-Izquierdo, E., Bernal Casasola, D., Arévalo González, A. (2004d). Paleocontenido de ánfora púnica (tipo Ramon T‑7.4.3.2). In Garum y salazones en el Círculo del Estrecho. Catálogo de la Exposición (Algeciras)
Titán Wreck, Isle of Levant, FranceUnknown43.0241246.488881st BCERomanAmphorae with scalesYMultipleTailliez, P. (1961). Travaux de l’ete 1958 sur l’epave du Titan a l’ile du Levant (Toulon), Actes du iie Congres In ter national d’archeologie sous marines, Bordighera, 175‑178.
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.327218UnknownPre-romanVertebraeWeinstock, J. (1995). Some Bone Remains from Carthago, 1991 Excavation Season, in Buitenhuis, H., & Uerpmann, H.P. (eds.). Archaeozoology of the near East II (Leiden 1995), 113-118.
Lixus, MoroccoUnknown35.199721-6.111125UnknownPre-romanVertebraeRodrigues Santana C. G. and Rodrigo Garcia, M.J. (2005). ‘Las ictiofaunas arqueológicas’ in Aranegui, C. (ed.), Saguntum: Papeles del Laboratorio de Arqueología de Valencia, extra 6: Lixus-2. LaderaSur. Excavaciones arqueológicas marroco-españolas en la colonia fenicia. Campañas 2000–2003, 241-52
Cerro del Mar, Vélez-Málaga, SpainUnknown36.73744-4.108511st BCE – 1st CERomanVertebrae, amphorae with scales150+200von den Driesch, A. (1980). Osteoarchäologische Auswertung von Garum‑Resten des Cerro del Mar, Madrider Mitteilungen 21, 151‑154.
Populonia, ItalyUnknown42.98907910.4921881st BCE – 1st CERomanCranial elements in amphorae64De Grossi J. M. (2006). Testimonianze di lavorazione del tonno a Populonia?. Materiali per Populonia, 5, 263-272.
Lixus, MoroccoUnknown35.199721-6.1111251st CEPre-romanVertebrae1Unpublished
Olivillo, Cadiz, SpainCadiz Museum36.533941-6.3054771st CERomanVertebrae50-10050-150Bernal-Casasola, D., Vargas Girón, J.M., & Lara Medina, Y. Atunes en salazón y en conserva en las chancas gaditanas: perspectivas desde El Olivillo in 7 metros de la Historia de Cádiz. Arqueología en El Olivillo y en el Colegio Mayor Universitario (2019). Universidad de Cádiz. 726 pp. ISBN: 978-84-9828-728-7
Castro Marim, PortugalUnknown37.218908-7.4427751st CERomanVertebrae13Unpublished
Chiessi Wreck, Isle of Elba, ItalyUnknown42.75887610.1099271st CERomanAmphorae with scalesYMultipleDelussu, F., Wilkens, B. (2000). Le conserve di pesce. Alcuni dati da contesti italiani. Mélanges de l’école française de Rome, 112, 17‑18.
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.3272181st-3rd CERomanVertebraeMultipleLargeNobis, G. (1999). Die Tierreste von Karthago, in Rakob 1999, 574-632.
Mytilene, Lesvos, GreeceUnknown39.11133326.562371st-4th CERomanVertebraeRuscillo, D. (1993). Faunal remains from the Akropolis site, Mytilene. Echoes du Monde Classique, 37, 201-210.
Puerta Califal, Ceuta, SpainUnknown35.888619-5.3179921st – 5th CERomanVertebraeMultipleBernal-Casasola, D., Marlasca, R., Rodríguez Santana, C.G., Villada, F. (2012). Los atunes de la Tingitana. Un contexto excepcional de las factorías salazoneras salazoneras de Septem Fratres, Convegno Internazionale di Studi sull’Africa Romana XIX (Sassari – Alghero, 2010), Trasformazione dei paesaggi del potere nell’Africa settentrionale fino alla fine del mondo antico, 3, 2507-2534, Sassari, 2012.
Dion, GreeceArchaeological Museum of Dion40.17122222.4840872nd-3rd CERomanVertebrae or scales in amphoraeY2 vertebrae, amphorae of Punic origin containing scalesTheodoropoulou, T. (2014). Salting the East: evidence for salted fish and fish-products from the Aegean Sea in Roman times. Fish & Ships Production and commerce of salsamenta during Antiquity. éditions errance, Centre Camille Jullian, 213-227.
Baelo Claudia, SpainBaelo Claudia Museum36.089744-5.7749444th-6th CERomanVertebrae50-10050-150Bernal Casasola, D., Expósito Álvarez, J.A., Díaz Rodríguez, J.J., Marlasca Martín, R., Riquelme Cantal, J.A., Lara Medina, M., Vargas Girón, J.M, Bustamante Álvarez, M., Pascual Sánchez, M. (2016). Saladeros romanos en Baelo Claudia: nuevas investigaciones arqueológicas. In Un Estrecho de Conservas. Del garum de Baelo Claudia a la melva de Tarifa. Catálogo de la Exposición, Cádiz, pp. 43‑69. Brassous, L., Deru, X., Oliva Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Dananai, A., Dienst, S., Doyen, J.-M., Florent, G., Gomes, M., Lemaître, S., Louvion, C., Oueslati, T., Renard, S., 2017. Baelo Claudia dans l’Antiquité tardive. L’occupation du secteur sud-est du forum entre les IIIe et VIe siècles. Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez Nouvelle série 47, 167-200.
Teatro Romano, Malaga, SpainUnknown36.721589-4.4169615th CERomanVertebrae2Lozano‑Francisco, del Carmen, M. (2017). Estudio ictiológico de los residuos encontrados en las cetariae malacitanas. A propósito de las factorías del teatro romano de Málaga. In Corrales Aguilar, M. (ed.), Aportaciones a la Malaca tardorromana y bizantina. Excavaciones en la factoría de salazones del teatro romano de Málaga (siglos iv‑vi d C.), Sevilla, pp. 143‑164.
Utica, TunisiaUnknown37.05203810.05845UnknownRomanVertebrae286-200Unpublished
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.3272185th CELate RomanVertebraeMultiple90-100Nobis, G. (1999). Die Tierreste von Karthago, in Rakob 1999, 574-632.
Carteia, SpainUnknown36.182507-5.4096375th-6th CELate RomanVertebrae2Exposito, J.A. & García Pantoja, M.E. (2020). Consumo de moluscos marinos en las cetariae romanas del barrio salazonero de Carteia (San Roque, Cádiz). In Vicens, M.A. & Pons, G.X. (eds). Avances en Arqueomalacologia. Nuevos conocimientos sobre las sociedades pasadas y su entorno natural gracias a los moluscos, Monografies de la Societat de Historia Natural de les Balears, 32, Palma de Mallorca
San Nicolás, Algeciras, SpainAlgeciras Museum36.125397-5.444645th-6th CELate RomanVertebrae3100-150Roselló-Izquierdo, E. & Morales-Muñiz, A. (2018). Vertebrados de las factorías de la calle San Nicolás y reflexiones zoológicas sobre las factorías romanas de salazones in Casasola, D.B. and Álvarez, R.J.C., 2019. Las cetariae de Ivlia Tradvcta. Resultados de las excavaciones arqueológicas en la calle San Nicolás de Algeciras (2001‑2006). Almoraima: revista de estudios campogibraltareños, (51), p.259.
Santa Filitica, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.8719948.6290285th-7th CELate RomanVertebrae1Wilkens, B. (2020). Fishing in Sardinia, Middle and Modern Ages, Poster. FRWG 19th Meeting.
Sant’Imbenia, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.6226478.1966085th-7th CELate RomanVertebrae1Wilkens, B. (2020). Fishing in Sardinia, Middle and Modern Ages, Poster. FRWG 19th Meeting.
İznik Roman Theatre, Turkeyİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa40.42643129.7172665th-7th CELate RomanVertebraeY1Unpublished
Gruissan, FranceUniversité Paul Valéry43.0852583.0644796th CELate RomanVertebrae1Unpublished
Carthage, TunisiaUnknown36.85089610.3272186th-7th CELate RomanVertebrae1100Van Neer, W. and Wouters, W. (2009). Fish remains from the Bir Messaouda excavations 2000/2001 and other Carthaginian settlement contexts. 65-74.
Yenikapi, Istanbul, Turkeyİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa41.00601228.9522744-15th CEByzantineVertebrae150>150Onar, V., Pazvant G., Armutak A. (2008). Radiocarbon dating results of the animal remains uncovered at Yenikapi Excavations. Istanbul Archaeological Museums, Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Marmaray-Metro Salvage Excavations, May 5th-6th, Istanbul, 2008, 249-256.
Balat, Istanbul, Turkeyİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa41.03162228.9496844-15th CEByzantineVertebrae21Unpublished
Bathonea, Istanbul, Turkeyİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa41.03297328.7344254-15th CEByzantineVertebrae2Unpublished
Casale San Pietro, SicilyUniversity of York37.66939713.6476818-9th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae4Aniceti, V. (2019). Animals and their roles in the medieval society of Sicily: from Byzantines to Arabs and from Arabs to Norman/Swabians. Doctoral Thesis. University of Sheffield, U.K.
Sant’Antonino, SicilyUniversity of York38.10961213.3648089-10th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae12100-200Aniceti, V. (2019). Animals and their roles in the medieval society of Sicily: from Byzantines to Arabs and from Arabs to Norman/Swabians. Doctoral Thesis. University of Sheffield, U.K.
Corso dei Mille, SicilyUniversity of York38.10932813.369989-10th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae16100-200Aniceti, V. (2019). Animals and their roles in the medieval society of Sicily: from Byzantines to Arabs and from Arabs to Norman/Swabians. Doctoral Thesis. University of Sheffield, U.K.
Mazara del Vallo, SicilyUniversity of York37.65408112.59100910-11th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae10100-200Aniceti, V. (2019). Animals and their roles in the medieval society of Sicily: from Byzantines to Arabs and from Arabs to Norman/Swabians. Doctoral Thesis. University of Sheffield, U.K.
Mazara del Vallo, SicilyUniversity of York37.65408112.59100913th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae and cranial elements10100-250Aniceti, V. (2019). Animals and their roles in the medieval society of Sicily: from Byzantines to Arabs and from Arabs to Norman/Swabians. Doctoral Thesis. University of Sheffield, U.K.
Saltes, Huelva, SpainUnknown37.189887-6.95158412th-14th CEMiddle AgesVertebraeMorales-Muñiz, A., Roselló-Izquierdo, E., Lenfacker, A., & Morales-Muñiz, D.C. (1994). Archaeozoological research in medieval Iberia: fishing and fish trade on almohad sites. Trabalhos de Antropologia e Etnologia 34 (1-2), 453-475
Søborg, Gribskov, Denmark SNM Copenhagen56.09029512.31051113th-14th CEMiddle AgesVertebraeUnpublished
Monteleone, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.4718288.56254814th CEMiddle AgesVertebraeY1Wilkens, B. (2020). Fishing in Sardinia, Middle and Modern Ages, Poster. FRWG 19th Meeting.
Ceuta, SpainUnknown35.8887815.30485614th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae4Lozano Francisco, M.C. 2010, Paleobiologia de los restos orgánicos desechados por la comunidad ceutí del siglo XIV”, in J.M. Hita, J. Suarez, F. Villada eds., Comer en Ceuta en el siglo XIV. La alimentación durante la época marina, Ceuta, pp. 39-56.
La Cartuja, Seville, SpainUnknown37.399887-6.00810214th-15th CEMiddle AgesVertebrae1>150Roselló-Izquierdo, E., Morales-Muñiz, A. and Carmen Morales-Muñiz, D., 1994. La Cartuja/Spain: anthropogenic ichthyocenosis of culinary nature in a paleocultural context. Offa, 51, pp.323-331.
Raversijde, Oostende, BelgiumUnknown51.2065672.86450915th CEMiddle AgesScales, vertebrae165Pieters, M., Baeteman, C., Bastiaens, J., Bollen, A., Clogg, P., Cooremans, B., Bie, M.D., Buyser, F.D., Decorte, G., Deforce, K., Groote, A.D., Demerre, I., Demiddele, H., Ervynck, A., Gevaert, G., Goddeeris, T., Lentacker, A., Schietecatte, L., Vandenbruaene, M., Neer, W.V., Strydonck, M.V., Verhaeghe, F., Vince, A., Watzeels, S., Zeebroek, I. (2013). Het archeologisch onderzoek in Raversijde (Oostende) in de periode 1992-2005. COLOFON Relicta Monografi eën 8, Archeologie, Monumenten- en Landschapsonderzoek in Vlaanderen 8, 637.
Tårnby Torv, Copenhagen, DenmarkSNM Copenhagen55.63107912.59957613th-17th CEMiddle AgesVertebraeUnpublished
Pedras de Fogu, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.8631048.62417716th-18th CEModernVertebrae and cranial elements767Ages 4-11Wilkens, B. and Delussu, F., 2001. Analisi dei resti ossei della tonnara di Pedras de Fogu. Archeologia Postmedievale, 5, pp.214-222.
Østergade, Gilleleje, DenmarkSNM Copenhagen56.1240212.3093061600 CEModernVertebraeUnpublished
Cappuccine, Sassari, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.7287198.55735417th CEModernVertebrae1Wilkens, B. (2020). Fishing in Sardinia, Middle and Modern Ages, Poster. FRWG 19th Meeting.
Ågabet, Bagenkop, DenmarkSNM Copenhagen54.76305910.6758881550-1620 CEModernVertebraeUnpublished
Sassari, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.728.5517th-19th CEModernVertebrae5Wilkens, B. (2020). Fishing in Sardinia, Middle and Modern Ages, Poster. FRWG 19th Meeting. Location approximate
Leca Harbour, Marseille, FranceUniversité Paul Valéry43.3020075.3666981750-1850 CEModernVertebrae and cranial elements46Piques, G. (2020). Etude de l’ichtyofaune : déchets de préparation de thons et autres restes de poissons” in Richier (dir.), Avant le port de la Joliette, Le Castel, 22 rue Jean-François Leca, Marseille, Rapport final d’opération de fouille archéologique, INRAP Midi-Méditerranée, SRA PACA, 448-452.
Conil de la Frontera, SpainCadiz Museum36.277692-6.0879281755 CEModernVertebrae and scales100+>150Gutiérrez-Mas, J.M., Gómez Fernández, V., García-López, S., Morales-Muñiz, J.A. y Ibáñez Ageitos, J.M. (2016). Comparative analysis of the deposits left by the tsunami that followed to the Lisbon Earth-quake (1755 AD), on the Castilnovo beach and the Old Tuna Factory of La Chança (Conil de la Frontera, SW Spain). Revista de la Sociedad Geológica de España, 29(1), 21-33.
Palazzo Ducale, Sassari, Sardinia, ItalySassari Laboratorio di Archeozoologia40.7266838.55940619th CEModernVertebrae1Wilkens, B. (2020). Fishing in Sardinia, Middle and Modern Ages, Poster. FRWG 19th Meeting.
Central Mediterannean TonnareMassimo Sella Archive, University of BolognaVariousVarious1911-1941 CEModernVertebrae300+Complete rangeRiccioni, G., Landi, M., Ferrara, G., Milano, I., Cariani, A., Zane, L., Sella, M., Barbujani, G. and Tinti, F. (2010). Spatio-temporal population structuring and genetic diversity retention in depleted Atlantic bluefin tuna of the Mediterranean Sea. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(5), 2102-2107.